Cours de coréen ᚛ Level 1 - My First Steps in Korean (Lessons 1 to 30) ᚛ Leçon 27 - Conjugation of future tense verbs in Korean [-(으)ㄹ 거야 / -(으)ㄹ 거예요 / -(으)ㄹ 겁니다]
Conjugation of future tense verbs in Korean [-(으)ㄹ 거야 / -(으)ㄹ 거예요 / -(으)ㄹ 겁니다]
In previous chapters, we learned how to conjugate Korean verbs in the present tense as well as in the past tense, now it's time to see how to conjugate Korean verbs in the future tense. For this, we will need the modifier -(으)ㄹ discussed in the last chapter.
The future tense in casual style in Korean
To conjugate Korean verbs in the future in the casual style, simply follow the following form:
[Stem + modifier -(으)ㄹ] 거야
Be careful, 거야 is pronounced [꺼야], which is an exception of pronunciation.
The verb 하다 (= to do) has the stem 하 which ends in a vowel. We therefore add ㄹ to it, then the future form 거야.
- 하다 → 할 거야. = I will do. / You will do. / He will do…etc.
The irregular verb 눕다 (= to lie down) has the stem 눕 which ends in ㅂ. We then remove the final ㅂ from the stem, 누, we add 울, then the future form 거야.
- 눕다 → 누울 거야. = I will lie down. / You will lie down. / He will lie down… etc.
The verb 불다 (= to blow) has a stem 불 which ends in ㄹ. We don't change anything to get its -(으)ㄹ form, then we add the future form 거야.
- 불다 → 불 거야. = I will blow. / You will blow. / It will blow…etc.
Note that in Korean it does not matter when the action will take place in the future. So, even if in English we distinguish “I'm going to eat” from "I will eat.", this is not the case in Korean.
우리는 커피를 마실 거야.
→ We will drink coffee. / We're going to have a coffee.
식당은 곧 문을 닫을 거야.
→ The restaurant will be closing soon.
나는 곧 요리할 거야.
→ I'm going to cook soon.
The future tense in polite style in Korean
To conjugate Korean verbs in the future in the polite style, just follow the following form:
[Stem + modifier -(으)ㄹ] 거예요
Be careful, 거예요 is pronounced [꺼예요], this is an exception of pronunciation. Also, Koreans often tend to simplify the syllable 예 to 에. The pronunciation of 거예요 is then closer to [꺼에요].
The verb 기다리다 (= to wait) has a stem 기다리 which ends in a vowel. We therefore add ㄹ to it, then the future form 거예요.
- 기다리다 → 기다릴 거예요. = I will wait. / You will wait. / He will wait…etc.
The verb 읽다 (= to read) has the stem 읽 which ends in a compound consonant. We therefore add 을 to it, then the future form 거예요.
- 읽다 → 읽을 거예요. = I will read. / You will read. / He will read… etc.
The verb 팔다 (= to sell) has a stem 팔 which ends in ㄹ. We don't change anything to get its -(으)ㄹ form, then we add the future form 거예요.
- 팔다 → 팔 거예요. = I will sell. / You will sell. / He will sell…etc.
수정이는 밥을 먹을 거예요.
→ Sujeong will eat (a meal). / Sujeong is going to eat (a meal).
저희는 여행을 갈 거예요.
→ We will go on a trip.
저는 소방관이 될 거예요.
→ I will become a firefighter.
The future tense in formal style in Korean
To conjugate Korean verbs in the future in the formal style, just follow the following form:
[Stem + modifier -(으)ㄹ] 겁니다
Please note that 겁니다 is pronounced [껍니다], this is a pronunciation exception. Also, Korean nasalization rules mean that ㅂ, located before ㄴ, is pronounced like ㅁ. The exact pronunciation of 겁니다 is therefore [껌니다].
The verb 주다 (= to give) has the stem 주 which ends in a vowel. We therefore add ㄹ to it, then the future form 겁니다.
- 주다 → 줄 겁니다. = I will give. / You will give. / He will give…etc.
The verb 잊다 (= to forget) has a stem 잊 which ends in a consonant. We therefore add 을 to it, then the future form 겁니다.
- 잊다 → 잊을 겁니다. = I will forget. / You will forget. / He will forget… etc.
The verb 공부하다 (= to study) has the stem 공부하 which ends in a vowel. We therefore add ㄹ to it, then the future form 겁니다.
- 공부하다 → 공부할 겁니다. = I will study. / You will study. / He will study…etc.
민들레 씨앗은 날아갈 겁니다.
→ Dandelion seeds will fly away.
저는 공부를 열심히 할 겁니다.
→ I will study hard.
The truth about the future in Korean
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Summary table of structure
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Exercises
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